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Fertility

Techniques and complementary tests

SEMEN ANALYSIS

A semen analysis, also known as a spermogram or seminogram, is the initial basic test to evaluate male fertility. It consists of the analysis of an ejaculate sample —normally obtained by masturbation— to assess volume, sperm concentration, motility and morphology (shape).

The data obtained in the semen analysis are compared with reference values provided by the World Health Organisation. In this way, and taking into account the couple’s other medical data, our specialists can advise on the most appropriate treatment for each case.

Parameters

For a semen sample to be considered within the normal range, the most important parameters are:

  • Volume, which must be above 1.4 ml.
  • Sperm concentration, which must be at least 16 million/ml.
  • Motility, which should show 30% or more sperm cells moving in a progressive manner.
  • Morphology, 4% or more of the sperm cells should have a normal shape.

These data allow us to detect alterations such as oligozoospermia (low sperm count), asthenozoospermia (low motility), teratozoospermia (poor morphology) or azoospermia (absence of sperm cells).

While the semen analysis provides information about male fertility, it is not sufficient on its own to provide a complete fertility diagnosis. Its interpretation must be carried out within the clinical context of the patient and, if necessary, complemented with additional tests.